Heart Rate

Heart rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute (bpm). It is one of the most fundamental vital signs and serves as a key indicator of cardiovascular health and overall fitness. A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 bpm, though well-trained athletes may have resting heart rates as low as 40-60 bpm due to greater cardiac efficiency.

Heart rate is influenced by a wide range of factors including physical activity, emotional state, ambient temperature, body position, medication, caffeine intake, and underlying health conditions. Persistent elevation of resting heart rate (tachycardia) or abnormally low heart rate (bradycardia) can be indicators of cardiovascular or systemic health issues requiring medical attention.

Contactless heart rate measurement using rPPG technology works by detecting subtle color changes on the face caused by blood flow with each heartbeat. This approach enables heart rate monitoring during telehealth visits, fitness assessments, and remote patient monitoring without requiring any wearable devices or physical contact.